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4.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 43(1): 38-47, ene.-feb. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-202437

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Conocer los efectos del ejercicio físico en la prevención de caídas en personas con enfermedad de Alzheimer, y el tipo de ejercicio con mejor eficacia clínica. ESTRATEGIA DE BÚSQUEDA: Siguiendo la estrategia PICOS y las recomendaciones PRISMA, se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática con búsqueda manual y electrónica en las bases de datos Pubmed, Scielo, PEDro, Biblioteca Cochrane, Web of Science, Medline, IBECS y LILACS. SELECCIÓN DE ESTUDIOS: Con criterios preestablecidos, se incluyeron estudios con al menos un grupo de tratamiento con ejercicio, publicados entre 2010 y 2018. De 278 registros iniciales, utilizando las herramientas de cribado de las diferentes bases de datos (cronología, tipo de estudio, etc.) se descartaron 217 artículos. Se realizó una evaluación mediante una lectura crítica de los 61 artículos que habían superado los filtros de búsqueda para identificar aquellos estudios que fueron susceptibles de incluirse en esta revisión sistemática. Finalmente, se incluyeron 9 artículos que dieron lugar a 5 estudios. SÍNTESIS DE RESULTADOS: La puntuación media en la escala PEDro de los 5 estudios es de 6,2. Todos los estudios han obtenido diferencias significativas a favor de los grupos que realizaron tratamiento mediante ejercicio físico. Los ejercicios individuales domiciliarios presentan mejores efectos que los ejercicios ambulatorios grupales. Los resultados favorables se obtienen a las 8 semanas de comenzar el tratamiento. CONCLUSIONES: Un programa de ejercicio físico que incluya entrenamiento de la fuerza, entrenamiento del equilibrio, ejercicios funcionales y marcha puede prevenir las caídas en pacientes con enfermedad de Alzheimer de forma factible y segura


OBJECTIVES: To know the effects of physical exercise in the prevention of falls in people with Alzheimer's disease and the type of exercise with better clinical efficacy. SEARCH STRATEGY: Following the PICOS strategy and PRISMA recommendations, a systematic review was carried out with manual and electronic search in the Pubmed, Scielo, PEDro, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Medline, IBECS and LILACS databases. STUDY SELECTION: With pre-established criteria, studies with at least one treatment group with exercise, published between 2010 and 2018 are included. Of 278 initial records, using the screening tools of the different databases (chronology, type of study, etc.) 217 items were discarded. An evaluation was carried out through a critical reading of the 61 articles that had passed the search filters to identify the studies that were likely to be included in this systematic review. Finally, 9 articles that resulted in 5 studies were included. SYNTHESIS OF RESULTS: The average score on the PEDro scale of the 5 studies is 6.2. All studies included obtained significant differences in the groups treated by physical exercise in their post-test measurements. Individual home exercises have better effects than group outpatient exercises. Favourable results will be obtained at 8 weeks after starting treatment. CONCLUSIONS: A physical exercise programme that includes strength training, balance training, functional exercises and walking can prevent the risk of falls in patients with Alzheimer's disease in a feasible and safe way


Assuntos
Humanos , Acidentes por Quedas/prevenção & controle , Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Doença de Alzheimer/complicações , Saúde do Idoso , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Avaliação de Resultado de Ações Preventivas
13.
Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol ; 9(1): 3-11, 2014 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23597317

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To assess the effectiveness of technical devices used in children with motor disabilities. METHOD: A systematic search of CINAHL Plus, EMBASE, PEDro, Cochrane Library, Isi Web of Knowledge and Scifinder Web was carried out, covering the period between January 2000 and January 2012. The inclusion criteria were: (1) Studies involving a minimum of five children (randomized-clinical trials with control group and experimental group, clinical trials without control group and prospective cohort studies; (2) age range, 0 to 18 years. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed by the two authors through the application of the PEDro scale. RESULTS: Of the 59 articles identified by the search strategy, 27 articles were considered eligible. The most frequently evaluated devices were ankle and foot orthoses and the most studied pathology was cerebral palsy. The mean score on the PEDro scale was 6.8. CONCLUSIONS: The methodological quality of studies needs to be improved and more rigorous research designs should be followed that will allow the effectiveness and quality of movement to be assessed. The satisfaction of the patient and family with the devices should be analyzed in future studies.


Assuntos
Crianças com Deficiência/reabilitação , Equipamentos Ortopédicos , Projetos de Pesquisa , Tecnologia Assistiva , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Desenho de Equipamento , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Satisfação do Paciente , Qualidade de Vida
14.
Haemophilia ; 20(1): e71-8, 2014 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24251556

RESUMO

Although different techniques of physiotherapy have been described for the treatment of haemophilic arthropathy (HA) of ankle, hardly any studies have been applied manual therapy or educational physiotherapy and home exercises. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of manual therapy and educational physiotherapy in the treatment of HA of the ankle. Thirty-one patients with HA of the ankle with a mean age of 35.29 (SD: 12.877) years randomized to manual therapy group (n = 11), educational group (n = 10) and a control group (n = 10). The two physiotherapy programmes were one with manual therapy articular traction, passive stretching of the gastrocnemius muscles, and exercises for muscle strength and proprioception (MT group) and the other with educational sessions and home exercises (E group). The study lasted for 12 weeks. The treatment with manual therapy improved the gastrocnemius muscle circumference, and the pain of ankle (P < 0.05). Six months later, MT group still enjoyed improvement. In the educational group there were improvements, but not significant, in the measured variables. No patient had ankle haemarthrosis during the study. The treatment with manual therapy improved the circumference of gastrocnemius and lessened pain in the patients with haemophilic arthropathy of the ankle.


Assuntos
Articulação do Tornozelo/patologia , Hemartrose/etiologia , Hemartrose/terapia , Hemofilia A/complicações , Hemofilia B/complicações , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Terapia por Exercício , Humanos , Medição da Dor , Modalidades de Fisioterapia/efeitos adversos , Amplitude de Movimento Articular , Resultado do Tratamento
15.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 35(2): 52-57, mar.-abr. 2013. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-110924

RESUMO

Objetivo La atención del alumnado con discapacidad motora en la escuela en la comunidad autónoma de Murcia requiere de la intervención de diferentes profesionales, entre los que destaca el fisioterapeuta pediátrico para valorar la dificultad que presenta el niño y las ayudas técnicas que necesita en el entorno escolar. El objetivo del estudio ha sido realizar un análisis de las ayudas técnicas solicitadas por los centros escolares en la Consejería de Educación de la Región de Murcia. Material y método Los datos fueron recogidos a través del modelo establecido al efecto, durante los meses de enero a julio de 2010. Realizamos un análisis descriptivo de los datos y se valoró la relación entre distintas variables. Resultados El número total de solicitudes revisadas es de 143, con una edad media de 6,92 años. Los equipos de Murcia presentan el mayor porcentaje (27,3%). En relación con el sexo, un 38,5% de solicitudes corresponden a niñas. En relación con el diagnóstico médico y el diagnóstico funcional, las enfermedades no degenerativas y las tetraplejías presentan el mayor porcentaje. Existe un mayor número de solicitudes referidas a ayudas técnicas individuales, mobiliario, fisioterapia y movilidad. Conclusiones Se han encontrado relaciones significativas entre el diagnóstico médico, el sexo y las etapas educativas. Es necesario profundizar en los factores sociales y en la mejora de la calidad de vida para valorar el grado de aceptación de las ayudas técnicas en el entorno del niño (AU)


Background Care of students with physical disabilities in the school requires the intervention of several professionals. Of importance among them is the pediatric physiotherapist who evaluates the child's difficulties and the technical devices needed in the school environment. This study has aimed to analyze the technical devices requested in the Ministry of Education in the Region of Murcia. Material and method The data were collected using the model established for this purpose during the months of January to July 2010. A descriptive analysis was made of the data and the relationships between variables were assessed. Results A total of 143 requests were reviewed with a mean age of the children of 6.92 years. Murcia Teams had the highest percentage (27.3%). In relation to sex, 38.5% of the requests were for girls. Non-degenerative diseases and tetraplegia had the highest percentage regarding medical and functional diagnosis. There is a higher number of requests for individual technical devices, furniture, physiotherapy and mobility. Conclusions Differences were found between medical diagnosis, sex and educational levels. It is necessary go into greater depth regarding the social factors and the environment to improve the quality of life of children with motor disabilities (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Serviço Hospitalar de Fisioterapia/organização & administração , Aparelhos Ortopédicos/provisão & distribuição , /instrumentação , Equipamentos e Provisões/provisão & distribuição , Andadores/provisão & distribuição , Equipamentos Ortopédicos/provisão & distribuição
18.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 34(3): 105-111, mayo-jun. 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-111230

RESUMO

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la efectividad de la intervención fisioterapéutica en pacientes con trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) usando la terapia de la conciencia corporal basal (TCCB). Materiales y métodos: Consiste en un estudio seudoexperimental mediante la realización de un ensayo clínico controlado de grupos paralelos no aleatorizados, por lo que se trata de un estudio prospectivo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 10 mujeres con diagnóstico de TCA según los criterios de la CIE-10, F.50, a las que se les aplicó fisioterapia mediante la TCCB. Los instrumentos de medida usados fueron el Inventario de trastornos de la alimentación, el Cuestionario de actitudes hacia el propio cuerpo, el Test de actitudes hacia la alimentación, cuestionario SF-36 sobre el estado de salud y la Escala de la evaluación de la imagen corporal-Gardner. La muestra seleccionada cumplía con los siguientes criterios de inclusión: pacientes con diagnóstico de TCA según la CIE-10, F.50, con edad superior a los 18 años, con una evolución de la enfermedad no superior a 10 años según el año de diagnóstico del TCA y que se encontraban en régimen ambulatorio. Resultados: La mayoría de las variables estudiadas muestran una tendencia hacia la mejoría en el grupo experimental. Sin embargo, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en los análisis realizados. Conclusiones: Se observa la misma tendencia que en otros estudios que si han mostrado cambios significativos, por lo que se recomiendan futuros estudios con mayores muestras y calidad metodológica para poder ofrecer una mayor evidencia sobre la efectividad de la fisioterapia en los TCA (AU)


Objective The objective of this study is to analyse the effectiveness of physiotherapy in patients with eating disorders (ED) using Basic Body Awareness Therapy (BBAT). Materials and methods: This is a pseudo-experimental, prospective study by conducting a controlled clinical trial of non-randomised parallel groups. The sample was composed of 10 women diagnosed with an ED according to the criteria of ICD-10, F.50, and who had been subjected to physiotherapy using the BBAT. The measurement instruments used were the Eating Disorder Inventory, the Body Attitude Test, the SF-36 Short-Form, the Eating Attitude Test and the Body Image Evaluation Scale-Gardner. The sample selected met the following inclusion criteria: patients with eating disorders according to ICD-10, F.50, aged over 18 years, with no disease progression over 10 years, and attended outpatients. Results: Most of the studied variables showed a trend of greater improvement in the experimental group, however, there were no significant differences in any of the analyses. Conclusions: We observed the same trend as in other studies that have shown significant changes, thus we recommend further studies with larger samples and better methodological quality in order to provide further evidence on the effectiveness of physiotherapy in the ED (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/reabilitação , Projetos Piloto , Imagem Corporal , Autoimagem , Avaliação de Resultado de Intervenções Terapêuticas
19.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor ; 19(3): 138-146, mayo-jun. 2012. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-102450

RESUMO

El dolor lumbar es uno de los principales motivos para la utilización de la asistencia sanitaria, y es un problema de salud frecuente en niños y adolescentes. Varios autores han evidenciado que tener dolor lumbar en la infancia aumenta el riesgo de sufrirlo de adulto. El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar la evidencia empírica de los tratamientos de fisioterapia para el dolor lumbar en niños y adolescentes, estimar su eficacia y analizar la calidad metodológica de los estudios. Se consultaron estudios experimentales en las bases de datos Cochrane, ISI Web of Knowledge, Medline, PEDro y LILACS; revistas electrónicas especializadas y otros procedimientos. Ocho artículos se incluyeron en la revisión sistemática, que dio lugar a 16 estudios independientes (11 grupos tratados y 5 grupos controles). Los 8 artículos seleccionados incluyeron tratamientos con educación de la espalda, ejercicio, terapia manual y acondicionamiento físico terapéutico. El tratamiento con ejercicio es el más utilizado por los autores. Se concluye que los tratamientos de fisioterapia son eficaces para el dolor lumbar en niños y adolescentes. Finalmente, la calidad de los estudios futuros debe mejorar mediante procedimientos más eficaces de enmascaramiento, utilización de grupos de control y realizar análisis de fiabilidad de los instrumentos de evaluación (AU)


Low back pain is one of the main reasons for the use of health care, and is a common health problem in children and adolescents. Several authors have shown that having low back pain in childhood increases the risk for adult. The aim of the present study is to review the empirical evidence regarding physiotherapy treatments for low back pain in children and adolescents, assess their effectiveness, and to analyze the methodological quality of the papers. Experimental studies were consulted in the electronic databases Cochrane, ISI Web of Knowledge, Medline, PEDro and LILACS; specialized electronic journals and other procedures. 8 articles were included in the systematic review, which resulted in 16 independent studies (11 treatment groups and 5 control groups). The 8 articles selected include treatments with back education, exercise, manual therapy and therapeutic physical conditioning. Treatment with exercise is the most frequently used by authors. We conclude that physiotherapy treatments are effective for low back pain in children and adolescents. Finally, the quality of future studies should be improved through more effective masking procedures, use of control groups and analysis of reliability of assessment instruments (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Medicina Baseada em Evidências/métodos , Medicina Baseada em Evidências/tendências , Dor Lombar/terapia , Terapia por Exercício , Resultado do Tratamento , Avaliação de Eficácia-Efetividade de Intervenções , Dor Lombar/reabilitação , Bibliometria , Estudos de Intervenção , Estudos de Coortes
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